Meg Whitman Case Essay Example

Meg Whitman Case Essay Example Meg Whitman Case Paper Meg Whitman Case Paper Finally, I will discuss how the employees at eBay respond to Meg Whitman leadership style. Discuss how Meg Whitman leadership reflects transaction leadership. Transaction leadership Involves motivating and directing primarily through appealing to employees self-interest. Whitman shows this by her employees being cheerful and formal but at the same time hardworking and successful. Whitman being the CEO of eBay shows she has the primary power of being a transactional leader, which comes from their formal authority in the organization. Whitman also focuses on the basic management of controlling, organizing, and short-term lancing. When a manager was asked what It like Is to report to Whitman, he replied l have numbers, I know them. Theyre very clear. And the expectations are high (Organizational Behavior, 2009). This shows that Whitman focuses on controlling, organizing, and short-term planning by the way managers report to Whitman. A manager being comfortable with reporting to his CEO also shows that Whitman has an effective way of motivating her employees. There are five practices In which effective transactional leaders are likely to engage in. Two of these practices are in the form of questions. They are, what needs to be done and what is right. During Whitman first arrival at eBay, she promised to transform eBay from an online auction house Into a much bigger, general-purpose shopping destination. Whitman considered these two questions when considering this promise. The third practice is they develop action plans. Whitman had a plan through a promise which she put In action by acquiring Stub, Online Classifieds, Shopping. Com, Rent. Com, Seep, and Papal. In the case, a manager commented: Several years ago we were a secondary collectibles marketplace. Now were a trading platform. The change In those several years Is a result of decisions made by Whitman of acquiring certain companies. The fourth practice is they take responsibility for their decisions. Whitman commented: Im a netter leader, a netter manager, a netter executive than when I earlier as a youngster. I have learned how to manage a company that reinvents itself every couple of years (Organizational Behavior, 2009). Whitman comment could not be made without her learning from her mistakes and bad decisions in the past and taking responsibility for them. The fifth practice is they take responsibility for communicating. Under Whitman leadership, eBay comes up with a lot of good ideas through communicating, but they think opening up the platform makes eBay stronger, better, as other people develop applications to the platform. Whitman leadership shows that she takes responsibility for communicating. Identify the aspects of Meg Whitman leadership that reflect authentic leadership. An aspect of Meg Whitman leadership that reflects authentic leadership is that Whitman knows and understands herself. Whitman shows this my making a promise hen she first arrives at eBay and making her promise come true. Whitman also learned from her mistakes and became a better CEO as time went on. Whitman success would not be possible if she did not know and understand herself. The second aspect of Meg Whitman leadership that reflects authentic leadership is Whitman knowing what she believes and values. Whitman shows this by making the company more diverse resulting in the encouragement and respect of diverse viewpoints. Whitman also earned credibility by making eBay more successful and a fun and cheerful place to work. This allows Whitman the ability to have more employees to trust and follow her (Organizational Behavior, 2009). The third aspect of Meg Whitman leadership that reflects authentic leadership is Whitman acting on her values and beliefs through open and honest communication with subordinates and others. Whitman managers report to her with numbers ready and clear because Whitman has a craving for statistics. Whitman has more a craving for bottom line results. Whitman having this belief and her subordinates following her belief shows she covers this aspect. Whitman looks for employees that re energize by the mission of the company. Whitman value and belief of the mission is openly and honestly communicated through her hiring process (Organizational Behavior, 2009). Discuss how Meg Whitman leadership reflects transformational leadership. Meg Whitman leadership reflects transformational leadership by anticipating future trends, inspiring followers to understand and embrace a new vision of possibilities, developing others to be leaders or better leaders, and building the organization or group into a community of challenged and rewarded learners Organizational Behavior, 2009). Meg Whitman shows this by leading eBay to stick to their business plan with no inception. Also Whitman makes sure the company stays focused on their goals. Whitman promise to transform eBay from an online auction house into a much bigger, general-purpose shopping destination was achieved (Organizational Behavior, 2009). This shows that Whitman anticipated future trends and inspired followers to embrace her vision of new possibilities with understanding. Discuss how Meg Whitman used her leadership skills to transform the company from an online auction souse into a general purpose shopping destination company. Meg Whitman used her leadership skills to transform the company from an online Acton nouns Into a general purpose snooping standalone company Day continuously expanding the eBay marketplace and new services in communities around the world. Another action Whitman took to achieve this was acquiring Shopping. Com, Rent. Com, Papal, Stub, Online Classifieds, and Seep (Organizational Behavior, 2009). Whitman acquiring all these companies helps expand eBays marketplace. Whitman also does this by makes the company more diverse which increases new ideas and alps the company be more successful. Discuss how the employees at eBay respond to Meg Whitman leadership style. The employees at eBay respond to Meg Whitman leadership style in a positive way. Whitman leadership results in employees being cheerful and formal. Whitman leadership style is also expressed through eBays casual work environment. Whitman success in the company by increasing profits and diversity in a successful way shows that employees and follow her leadership style. Whitman caring leadership style is shown by her sticking with her employees through thick ND thin by staying by an ill employees side until he stabilized.

Baytown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Baytown - Essay Example According to Feiser the moral challenge in multinational companies need to live up to moral expectations more intense for multinational companies who need to live up to moral expectations both in the US and in host foreign countries. In developed countries, the moral expectations of the host country are as stringent as our own. With third world host countries, though, the moral expectations often more lax and multinationals are tempted to lower their standards when situations permit. Morality in business plays an important role. Business would not success if employees have problems with their colleagues because something has done something wrong with someone. Business will not able to reach its goal if the staffs are having problems. It is important to understand which actions violate morality. There are actions and decisions that are mistakenly understood as violation of morality which is in fact not. To be able to avoid such problems proper definition of the term morality should be clearly defined. Maltreatment of employees is one violation of morality. The company should have a clear list of moral issues that is important for the company's success. Business ethics are the one that examines the moral problems that can arise in business environment.

How has the Zapatista Army of National Liberation contributed to Research Paper

How has the Zapatista Army of National Liberation contributed to Democracy in Mexico - Research Paper Example They started out as a small group of progressive Indians which eventually grew into thousands. They organized themselves in the jungle, away from the prying eyes of the government and its ruthless military. The EZLN’s history did not happen overnight. It was the product of careful and clandestine planning and organizing. â€Å"We did that for many years, and we did it in secret, without making a stir.   In other words, we joined forces in silence.3† After ten years of organizing and training in the jungles of Chiapas, The Ejercito Zapatista de Liberacion or EZLN was born, otherwise known as the Zapatista Army of National Liberation. They took the name of Emiliano Zapata, a Mexican Revolution hero who championed land reform in Mexico and is also celebrated as the champion of the indigenous people in Southern Mexico.4 EZLN is a revolutionary group that adheres to the ideals of non-violence. Throughout their history, the only instance of violence on record is the 12 days of armed fighting following the January 1, 1994 takeover of four municipalities in Chiapas, namely, San Cristobal de las Casas, las Margaritas, Altamiro, and Ocosingo.5 Almost apologetic to the affected citizens and civilians, they put great emphasis on their declaration that the armed struggle was a measure of last resort because their previous nonviolent actions received little to no government attention and response.6 After 12 days of armed fighting and bloodshed on both sides, the Mexican government and the Zapatista entered into a ceasefire to make way for a peace process. Since then, the EZLN have successfully continued on the fight without shedding blood, combatant or civilians although they have continued with their member’s training in the handling of weapons and arsenals. Nevertheless, the Zapatista is still a military movement. Oxymoron as it may sound, but the Zapatista is an armed movement that carries its struggle in nonviolent ways.7 In the very same way that the EZLN seem to contradict itself on its position on the issues of violence and rebellion, their ideology is also a subject of debate. This confusion is brought by the lack of a categorical statement from the Zapatistas themselves as to their specific ideology. Their enumeration of goals and demands which could be identified with the ideals and ends sought by groups from both ends, including those in between of the political spectrum does little to no help either. In their various declarations, they merely refer to themselves as the â€Å"simple and humble† â€Å"Zapatistas of the EZLN.†8 On the one hand, there are some who observes that the EZLN rose out of the ranks of the leftist movements that espouse Marxist-Leninist ideals. It is argued that their demands enumerated in the First Declaration of the Lancandon Jungle are in accord with the leftist sentiments. The EZLN’s demands include "work, land, housing, food, health, education, independence, liberty, dem ocracy, justice, and

Legal, Safety and Regulatory Requirements Essay Example for Free

Legal, Safety and Regulatory Requirements Essay This paper examines the impact of legal, safety and the regulatory requirements of the human resources development in an organization. This aspects look at the rights of the employee and the employer and how they are secured. This human resources process affects the lawful, well-being, and governing guidelines inside a business while the privileges of those employers and workers are protected by the U. S. Department of Labor, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and the Department of Homeland Security. The employee-related regulations are to guard the privileges of a company and worker. The U. S. Department of Labor gives organization an excellent effective setting and reduces employment ratios by offering development within the organization. The human resources areas have to commit to having current rules and guidelines for salaries and times worked. And human resources management has to guarantee all personnel whether United States residents or non-United States mindful of any material may possibly be related (United States Department of Labor, 2011). According to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 states it is unlawful to differentiate a capable individual with a disability. The law states it is prohibited to react against an individual since the individual complained about injustice, filed an allegation of discrimination, or take part in discrimination complaint. It expects that employers fairly provide the known physical or mental restrictions of an otherwise capable individual with a disability who is an applicant or employee, unless doing so would force an undue difficulty on the process of the employers business. The employees of Department of Homeland Security work diligently to preserve the well-being and safety of the United States. They work with municipalities, people, and countries to support them plan for and pull through from emergencies. They evaluate dozens of virtual security statements, and portions of intelligence, continuing continuous communication with specialists all through the country to defend the United States most important buildings and resources. With the legislation of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, Department Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge made a commitment that the new human resources system would be the result of a cooperative and comprehensive process involving supervisors, employees, labor organizations, and a expansive group of participants and specialists from the Federal division and private organization in order to deliver the greatest procedures possible for the employees of Homeland Security. The final guidelines administer to the new human resources for Department Homeland Security is evidence to that commitment The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission defends all employees working inside a corporation against discrimination regarding age, disability, sex, national origin, color or race. The human resources organization has to stay in agreement by making sure that all supervisors are extremely capable to properly relate with employees in the process of hiring, training, advancing, and dismissing. This law is enforced by a federal agency, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). This law is laid out into three segments that consist of e sexual harassment, affirmative action, and equal opportunity. These three different segments have a huge influence on the human resources division, and the employment process and this department must follow the law. These equal opportunity regulations will guarantee an employee is given an equal opportunity while submitting an application or resume for a position at an organization regardless of race, age, or gender. When looking at affirmative action this process allows an organization to hire individuals which fit in to a certain group of individuals. The sexual harassment process is put into the work environment to guarantee employees both women and men are secured under both federal and state law, sexual harassment can be verbal, physical or both, this type of harassment cannot only affect an employee’s work environment, but more importantly that person emotional well-being. Sexual harassment can make an employee feel uncomfortable coming to work, prevents them from focusing on their tasks work, and they can take that emotional stress home with them. The Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 law makes it unlawful to discriminate against any individual basis on race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. It also makes it unlawful to react hostile to an individual because the individual protested about discrimination, filed a charge of discrimination, or participated in a discrimination lawsuit (U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2011). This law also states that supervisors reasonably provide candidates and employees time to hold religious customs, except if doing so would inflict an unnecessary stress on the owners organization. This also goes for the federal government and employment services, and labor establishments, also need to acknowledge the law. The majority of discrimination lawsuits claim a violation of this law. In regards to the statement that, â€Å"Common sense and compassion in the workplace has been replaced by litigation. † I look up the definition and it stated that Common sense is sound practical judgment derived from experience rather than study. And compassion is sympathy for the suffering of others, often including a desire to help (Encarta 1999). Guidelines and procedures are put in place to defend employees and employers. Nevertheless, not all procedures and guideline are for every employee or employer. Every situation is different and has to be approach differently; no two people are the same. A human resources manager has to be able to look at these different situations and make a choice that’s good for the organization employees. Making the right decisions protect the organization from lawsuits. The distress of upsetting employees or possible ligation has caused human resources departments to outline guidelines and procedures.

Protein Thermal Stability Essay -- Scientific Research, Amino Acids

Proteins are organic polymers made up of chains of amino acids and are crucial material in many biological functions (Reece and others 2011). There are twenty basic amino acids, eight of which are essential to the adult human diet and must be consumed rather than synthesized inside the body. These essential amino acids are isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan, lysine, valine, phenylalanine, methionine, and threonine, with an added requirement of histidine in the diet of children (Potter and Hotchkiss 1995). Nonessential amino acids can be synthesized from these, and all amino acids are used as monomers to construct proteins which perform numerous important functions in the body (Reece and others 2011). Most amino acids exist as isomers and are given a designation based on whether they rotate a plane of polarized light to the right or to the left, known as dextrorotatory â€Å"D† or levorotatory â€Å"L† isomers, respectively (Al-Holy and Rasco 2007). It should be noted that only L amino acids are used in protein synthesis (Weber and Miller 1981). The biological functions of proteins include increasing the rate of biochemical reactions in the form of enzymes, moving important substances to where they are needed in the form of transport proteins, regulating the body in the form of hormones, allowing the body to move in the form of contractile proteins, and providing support in the form of structural proteins (Reece and others 2011). In addition, proteins have a great deal of functionality in foods, including providing essential amino acids as well as energy, viscosity, texture, water holding capacity, foaming and emulsification properties, and allowing gel formation (Culbertson 2007). As mentioned above, essential amino acids provided by th... ... p. Reece JB, Urry LA, Cain ML, Wasserman SA, Minorsky PV, Jackson RB. 2011. Campbell biology. 9th ed. San Francisco: Cummings-Pearson. 1263 p. Siegwein AM, Vodovotz Y, Fisher EL. 2011. Concentration of soy protein isolate affects starch-based confections’ texture, sensory, and storage properties. J Food Sci 76:E422-8. Sorgentini DA, Wagner JR, Anon MC. 1995. Effects of thermal treatment of soy protein isolate on the characteristics and structure-function relationship of soluble and insoluble fractions. J Agric Food Chem 43:2471-9. Thompson LD, Dinh T. 2009. Food proteins-protein isolation and thermal stability. FDSC 4303/5303 food chemistry laboratory manual. Lubbock, Tx.: Texas Tech University, Department of Animal and Food Sciences. Weber AL, Miller SL. 1981. Reasons for the occurrence of the twenty coded protein amino acids. J Molecular Evolution 17:273-84.

Indian Mathematicians And Their Contributions Essay

Ramanujan He was born on 22na of December 1887 in a small village of Tanjore district, Madras. He failed in English in Intermediate, so his formal studies were stopped but his self-study of mathematics continued. He sent a set of 120 theorems to Professor Hardy of Cambridge. As a result he invited Ramanujan to England. Ramanujan showed that any big number can be written as sum of not more than four prime numbers. He showed that how to divide the number into two or more squares or cubes. when Mr Litlewood came to see Ramanujan in taxi number 1729, Ramanujan said that 1729 is the smallest number which can be written in the form of sum of cubes of two numbers in two ways, i.e. 1729 = 93 + 103 = 13 + 123 since then the number 1729 is called Ramanujan’s number. In the third century B.C, Archimedes noted that the ratio of circumference of a circle to its diameter is constant. The ratio is now called ‘pi ( ÃŽ   )’ (the 16th letter in the Greek alphabet series) The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 1053 with specific names as early as 5000 B.C. during the Vedic period. ARYABHATA Aryabhatta was born in 476A.D in Kusumpur, India. He was the first person to say that Earth is spherical and it revolves around the sun. He gave the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab He taught the method of solving the following problems: BRAHMAGUPTA Brahma Gupta was born in 598A.D in Pakistan. He gave four methods of multiplication. He gave the following formula, used in G.P series a + ar + ar2 + ar3 +†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. + arn-1 = (arn-1) à · (r – 1) He gave the following formulae : Area of a cyclic quadrilateral with side a, b, c, d= √(s -a)(s- b)(s -c)(s- d) where 2s = a + b + c + d Length of its diagonals = SHAKUNTALA DEVI She was born in 1939 In 1980, she gave the product of two, thirteen digit numbers within 28 seconds, many countries have invited her to demonstrate her extraordinary talent. In Dallas she competed with a computer to see who give the cube root of 188138517 faster, she won. At university of USA she was asked to give the 23rd root of 91674867692003915809866092758538016248310668014430862240712651642793465704086709659 32792057674808067900227830163549248523803357453169351119035965775473400756818688305 620821016129132845564895780158806771. She answered in 50seconds. The answer is 546372891. It took a UNIVAC 1108 computer, full one minute (10 seconds more) to confirm that she was right after it was fed with 13000 instructions. Now she is known to be Human Computer. BHASKARACHARYA He was born in a village of Mysore district. He was the first to give that any number divided by 0 gives infinity (00). He has written a lot about zero, surds, permutation and combination. He wrote, â€Å"The hundredth part of the circumference of a circle seems to be straight. Our earth is a big sphere and that’s why it appears to be flat.† He gave the formulae like sin(A  ± B) = sinA.cosB  ± cosA.sinB

What Is a Paradigm Shift

You hear the phrase â€Å"paradigm shift† all the time, and not just in philosophy.  People talk about paradigm shifts in all sorts of areas: medicine, politics, psychology, and sports.  But what, exactly, is a paradigm shift?  And where does the term come from? The term â€Å"paradigm shift† was coined by the American philosopher Thomas Kuhn (1922- 1996).  It is one of the central concepts in his hugely influential work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, published in 1962.  To understand what it means, you first have to understand the notion of a paradigm theory. Paradigm Theory A paradigm theory is a general theory that helps to provide scientists working in a particular field with their broad theoretical framework—what Kuhn calls their â€Å"conceptual scheme.†Ã‚  It provides them with their basic assumptions, key concepts, and methodology.  It gives their research its general direction and goals. It represents an exemplary model of good science within a particular discipline. Examples of Paradigm Theories Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the universe (with the earth at the center)Copernicus’ heliocentric astronomy (with the sun at the center)Aristotle’s physicsGalileos mechanicsThe medieval theory of the four â€Å"humors† in medicineIsaac Newtons theory of gravityJohn Dalton’s atomic theoryCharles Darwins theory of evolutionAlbert Einstein’s theory of relativityQuantum mechanicsThe theory of plate tectonics in geologyGerm theory in medicineGene theory in biology Paradigm Shift Definition A paradigm shift occurs when one paradigm theory is replaced by another. Here are some examples: Ptolemy’s astronomy giving way to Copernican astronomyAristotle’s physics (which held that material objects had essential natures that determined their behavior) giving way to the physics of Galileo and Newton (which viewed the behavior of material objects as being governed by laws of nature).Newtonian physics (which held time and space to be the same everywhere, for all observers) giving way to Einsteinian physics (which holds time and space to be relative to the observer’s frame of reference). Causes of a Paradigm Shift Kuhn was interested in the way science makes progress.  In his view, science can’t really get going until most of those working within a field agree upon a paradigm.  Before this happens, everyone is doing her own thing in her own way, and you can’t have the sort of collaboration and teamwork that is characteristic of professional science today. Once a paradigm theory is established, those working within it can start doing what Kuhn calls â€Å"normal science.†Ã‚  This covers most scientific activity.  Normal science is the business of solving specific puzzles, collecting data, and making calculations. Normal science includes: Working out how far each planet in the solar system is from the sunCompleting the map of the  human genomeEstablishing the evolutionary descent of a particular species But every so often in the history of science, normal science throws up anomalies—results that can’t easily be explained within the dominant paradigm.  A few puzzling findings by themselves wouldn’t justify ditching a paradigm theory that has been successful.  But sometimes the inexplicable results start piling up, and this eventually leads to what Kuhn describes as a â€Å"crisis.† Examples of Crises Leading to Paradigm Shifts At the end of the 19th century, the inability to detect the ether—an invisible medium posited to explain how light traveled and how gravity operated—eventually led to the theory of relativity. In the 18th century, the fact that some metals gained mass when burned was at odds with phlogiston theory. This theory held that combustible materials contained phlogiston, a substance that was released through burning.  Eventually, the theory was replaced by Antoine Lavoisier’s theory that combustion requires oxygen. Changes That Occur During a Paradigm Shift The obvious answer to this question is that what changes is simply the theoretical opinions of scientists working in the field.  But Kuhn’s view is more radical and more controversial than that.  He argues that the world, or reality, cannot be described independently of the conceptual schemes through which we observe it.  Paradigm theories are part of our conceptual schemes.  So when a paradigm shift occurs, in some sense the world changes.  Or to put it another way, scientists working under different paradigms are studying different worlds. For example, if Aristotle watched a stone swinging like a pendulum on the end of a rope, he would see the stone trying to reach its natural state: at rest, on the ground.  But Newton wouldn’t see this; he’d see a stone obeying the laws of gravity and energy transference.  Or to take another example: Before Darwin, anyone comparing a human face and a monkey’s face would be struck by the differences; after Darwin, they would be struck by the similarities. Science Progresses Through Paradigm Shifts Kuhn’s claim that in a paradigm shift the reality that is being studied changes is highly controversial.  His critics argue that this â€Å"non-realist† point of view leads to a sort of relativism, and hence to the conclusion that scientific progress has nothing to do with getting closer to the truth. Kuhn seems to accept this.  But he says he still believes in scientific progress since he believes that later theories are usually better than earlier theories in that they are more precise, deliver more powerful predictions, offer fruitful research programs, and are more elegant. Another consequence of Kuhn’s theory of paradigm shifts is that science does not progress in an even way, gradually accumulating knowledge and deepening its explanations.  Rather, disciplines alternate between periods of normal science conducted within a dominant paradigm, and periods of revolutionary science when an emerging crisis requires a new paradigm. That is what paradigm shift originally meant, and what it still means in the philosophy of science.  When used outside philosophy, though, it often just means a significant change in theory or practice.  So events like the introduction of high definition TVs, or the acceptance of gay marriage, might be described as involving a paradigm shift.